Phase II Study on the Antiviral Activity and Safety of BILR 355 BS in HIV-1 Infected, NNRTI-treated Patients

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Signed informed consent in accordance with GCP and local regulatory requirements prior to trial participation.
2. HIV-1 infected males or females >= 18 years of age.
3. History of NNRTI based HAART >= 8 weeks and at least one, but not more than 3 NNRTI-associated resistance mutations by current genotype
4. TPV/r or LPV/r susceptible
5. CD4+ T lymphocyte count >= 100 cells/?l.

7. HIV-1 viral load >= 2000 copies/mL at screening. 8. Karnofsky score >= 70 9. Based on the antiviral resistance profile of the patients virus, the investigator must be able to construct a background HAART treatment regimen (OBR) such that the patient will receive 3 effective ARV drugs, in addition to his study medication.

10. Acceptable screening laboratory values (Visit 1) that indicate adequate baseline organ function. Laboratory values are considered to be acceptable if the following apply: Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >750/mm3 Hemoglobin >= 10 g/dL Platelet count >99,000/mm3 AST, ALT , and alkaline phosphatase < 2.5xULN >= DAIDS Grade 1) Total bilirubin <2.5xULN Serum amylase <1.5xULN 11. Acceptable medical history, as assessed by the investigator, with chest x-ray results and ECG within 1 year of study participation.

12. Willingness to abstain from ingesting substances which may alter plasma study drug levels by interaction with the cytochrome P450 system 13. A prior AIDS defining event, excluding mycobacterial and invasive fungal infections, is acceptable as long as it has resolved or the subject has been on stable treatment (e.g. opportunistic infection) for at least 12 weeks before screening (Visit 1). Note that prior oral thrush, candida esophagitis and cutaneous candida is acceptable.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. The following resistance mutations demonstrated at any time prior to starting trial therapy: V106A and/or Y188L

2. Female patients of child-bearing potential who:

   have a positive serum pregnancy test at screening or during the study, are breast feeding, are planning to become pregnant, are not willing to use a barrier method of contraception.

3. Active Hepatitis B or C disease defined as HBsAg positive or HCV RNA positive with AST/ALT > DAIDS Grade 1
4. Acute/previous mycobacterial or invasive fungal infection requiring therapy or prophylaxis with drugs interfering with or significantly affected by the cytochrome P450 system
5. Use of investigational medications within 30 days before study entry or during the trial.
6. Use of concomitant drugs that may significantly reduce plasma levels of the study medications.
7. Use of immunomodulatory drugs within 30 days before study entry or during the trial (e.g. interferon, cyclosporin, hydroxyurea, interleukin 2).
8. Patients currently treated with systemic ant-cancer chemotherapy
9. Inability to adhere to the requirements of the protocol, including active substance abuse, as defined by the investigator.
10. In the opinion of the investigator, likely survival of less than 12 months because of underlying disease.